Ngu-Andy wase-Baiyear factory
Kubuyekezwe ngoNovemba 2, 2022
Nasi isikhungo sezindaba somkhakha wokubumba umjovo we-Baiyear.Okulandelayo, i-Baiyear izohlukanisa inqubo yokubumba umjovo ibe izindatshana ezimbalwa ukwethula ukuhlaziywa kwezinto ezingavuthiwe zenqubo yokubumba umjovo, ngoba kunokuqukethwe okuningi kakhulu.Okulandelayo yisihloko sesine.
(8).I-PP (i-polypropylene)
1. Ukusebenza kwePP
I-PP iyi-polymer ephezulu ecwebezelayo.Phakathi kwamapulasitiki asetshenziswa kakhulu, i-PP iyona elula kakhulu, enesisindo esingu-0.91g/cm3 kuphela (esincane kunamanzi).Phakathi kwamapulasitiki ahloswe ngokujwayelekile, i-PP inokumelana nokushisa okungcono kakhulu, izinga lokushisa layo lokuhlanekezela ukushisa lingu-80-100 ℃, futhi ingabiliswa emanzini abilayo.I-PP inokumelana okuhle nokuqhekeka kwengcindezi nempilo ephezulu yokukhathala eguquguqukayo, eyaziwa ngokuthi "iglue egoqayo".
Ukusebenza okuphelele kwe-PP kungcono kunokokusebenza kwe-PE.Imikhiqizo ye-PP inesisindo esincane, ukuqina okuhle nokumelana okuhle kwamakhemikhali.Ukungalungi kwe-PP: ukunemba okuphansi kwe-dimensional, ukuqina okunganele, ukumelana nesimo sezulu esibi, ukukhiqiza kalula "ukulimala kwethusi", kunomphumela wokugoqa ngemuva, futhi ngemva kokudilizwa, kulula ukuguga, kuba brittle, futhi kulula ukukhubazeka.I-PP bekuyiyona nto eyinhloko yokwenza imicu ngenxa yekhono layo lokufaka imibala, ukuhuzuka kanye nezindawo zokumelana namakhemikhali, kanye nezimo zomnotho ezivumayo.
I-PP iyingxenye ye-semi-crystalline.Iqinile futhi inephuzu lokuncibilika eliphakeme kune-PE.Njengoba i-homopolymer PP ishwabana kakhulu emazingeni okushisa angaphezu kuka-0 °C, izinto eziningi ze-PP zokuhweba zingama-copolymer angahleliwe ane-ethylene engu-1 kuya ku-4% engeziwe noma ama-pincer copolymers anokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-ethylene.Izinto ze-PP zohlobo lwe-copolymer zinezinga lokushisa eliphansi lokuhlanekezela okushisayo (100 ° C), ukukhanya okuphansi, ukucwebezela okuphansi, ukuqina okuphansi, kodwa kunamandla omthelela anamandla.Amandla e-PP ayanda ngokukhula kokuqukethwe kwe-ethylene.
Izinga lokushisa le-Vicat elithambisayo le-PP lingu-150°C.Ngenxa yezinga eliphakeme le-crystallinity, le nto inokuqina okuhle kwendawo kanye nezakhiwo zokumelana nokunwaya.
I-PP ayinazo izinkinga zokuqhekeka kokucindezeleka kwemvelo.Ngokuvamile, i-PP iguqulwa ngokungeza imicu yengilazi, izithasiselo zensimbi noma irabha ye-thermoplastic.Izinga lokugeleza kwe-MFR ye-PP lisukela ku-1 kuye ku-40. Izinto ze-PP ezine-MFR ephansi zinokumelana nomthelela ongcono kodwa i-ductility ephansi.Ngempahla efanayo ye-MFR, amandla ohlobo lwe-copolymer aphakeme kunalawo ohlobo lwe-homopolymer.
Ngenxa yokucwebezela, izinga lokuncipha kwe-PP liphezulu impela, ngokuvamile li-1.8~2.5%.Futhi ukufana kokuqondisa kokuncipha kungcono kakhulu kunokwezinto ezifana ne-HDPE.Ukwengeza okungeziwe okungu-30% kwengilazi kunganciphisa ukushwabana kube ngu-0.7%.
Kokubili izinto ze-homopolymer ne-copolymer PP zinokumelana okuhle kakhulu kokumuncwa komswakama, ukumelana nokugqwala kwe-asidi ne-alkali, nokumelana nokuncibilika.Kodwa-ke, ayimelani ne-aromatic hydrocarbon (njenge-benzene) solvents, hydrocarbon chlorinated (carbon tetrachloride) solvents, njll. I-PP futhi ayimelani ne-oxidation emazingeni okushisa aphezulu njenge-PE.
2. Izici zenqubo ye-PP
I-PP ine-fluidity enhle ekushiseni okuncibilikayo nokusebenza okuhle kokubumba.I-PP inezici ezimbili lapho icutshungulwa:
Okukodwa: I-viscosity ye-PP melt iyancipha kakhulu ngokunyuka kwezinga le-shear (akuthintwa kancane izinga lokushisa);
Okwesibili: izinga le-molecular orientation liphezulu futhi izinga lokuncipha likhulu.Izinga lokushisa lokucubungula le-PP lingu-220 ~ 275 ℃.Kungcono ungeqi ku-275 ℃.Inokuqina okuhle kokushisa (izinga lokushisa lokubola lingu-310 ℃), kodwa ekushiseni okuphezulu (270-300℃), lizohlala isikhathi eside emgqonyeni.Kukhona ithuba lokwehliswa kwesithunzi.Njengoba i-viscosity ye-PP yehla kakhulu ngokunyuka kwejubane lokugunda, ukwandisa ingcindezi yomjovo kanye nesivinini somjovo kuzothuthukisa uketshezi lwawo futhi kuthuthukise ukuwohloka kokuncipha nokucindezeleka.Izinga lokushisa lesikhunta (40 ~ 80 ℃), 50 ℃ liyanconywa.
Izinga le-crystallization linqunywa ngokuyinhloko izinga lokushisa lesikhunta, okufanele lilawulwe ngaphakathi kwebanga lika-30-50 °C.I-PP melt ingadlula igebe elincane kakhulu futhi ibonakale idonswe.Phakathi nenqubo yokuncibilika kwe-PP, idinga ukumunca inani elikhulu lokushisa okuhlanganisiwe (ukushisa okukhulu okuqondile), futhi umkhiqizo ushisa kakhulu ngemva kokukhishwa esikhunjeni.
Izinto ze-PP azidingi ukomiswa ngesikhathi sokucutshungulwa, futhi ukuncipha nokuqina kwe-PP kuphansi kune-PE.Isivinini somjovo Ngokuvamile umjovo wejubane eliphezulu ungasetshenziswa ukunciphisa umfutho wangaphakathi.Uma kukhona ukukhubazeka ebusweni bomkhiqizo, khona-ke umjovo wejubane eliphansi emazingeni okushisa aphezulu kufanele usetshenziswe.Ukucindezela komjovo: kufika ku-1800bar.
Abagijimi namasango: Kubagijimi ababandayo, ububanzi bomgijimi obujwayelekile busukela ku-4 kuye ku-7mm.Kunconywa ukusebenzisa ama-sprues nabagijimi abanemizimba eyindilinga.Zonke izinhlobo zamasango zingasetshenziswa.Ububanzi besango obujwayelekile busukela ku-1 kuye ku-1.5mm, kodwa amasango amancane njengo-0.7mm angasetshenziswa.Emasangweni onqenqemeni, ukujula kwesango elincane kufanele kube ingxenye yobukhulu bodonga;ububanzi besango obuncane kufanele bube okungenani kabili ukujiya kodonga, futhi izinto ze-PP zingasebenzisa ngokugcwele uhlelo lomgijimi oshisayo.
I-PP bekuyiyona nto eyinhloko yokwenza imicu ngenxa yekhono layo lokufaka imibala, ukuhuzuka kanye nezindawo zokumelana namakhemikhali, kanye nezimo zomnotho ezivumayo.
3. Ibanga lohlelo lokusebenza elijwayelekile:
Imboni yezimoto (ikakhulukazi isebenzisa i-PP enezithasiselo zensimbi: izinsimbi, amapayipi okungenisa umoya, amafeni, njll.), izinto zikagesi (amalayini eminyango yomshini wokuwasha izitsha, amapayipi okungenisa umoya okomisa, amafreyimu omshini wokuwasha namakhava, amalayini eminyango yesiqandisi, njll.), Izimpahla zansuku zonke zabathengi (utshani kanye nemishini yasengadini enjengomshini wokugunda utshani namafafaza, njll.).
Ukubumba umjovo kuyimakethe yesibili ngobukhulu yama-homopolymers e-PP, okubandakanya iziqukathi, ukuvalwa, izinhlelo zokusebenza zezimoto, impahla yasendlini, amathoyizi nokunye okuningi kokusetshenziswa komthengi nezimboni.
(9).I-PA (inayiloni)
1. Ukusebenza kwe-PA
I-PA futhi iyipulasitiki ecwebezelayo (inayiloni iyinhlaka eqinile ye-angular translucent noma i-milky white crystalline resin).Njengepulasitiki yobunjiniyela, isisindo samangqamuzana enayiloni ngokuvamile singu-15,000-30,000, futhi kunezinhlobonhlobo eziningi.Inayiloni engu-6 esetshenziswa kakhulu, inayiloni 66, nenayiloni 1010 ekubumbeni umjovo, inayiloni 610, njll.
Inayiloni inokuqina, ukumelana nokugqoka kanye nokuzigcoba, futhi izinzuzo zayo ikakhulukazi amandla aphezulu we-organic mechanical, ukuqina okuhle, ukumelana nokukhathala, indawo ebushelelezi, indawo yokuthambisa ephezulu, ukumelana nokushisa, i-coefficient ephansi yokungqubuzana, ukumelana nokugqoka, ukuzithambisa, ukumuncwa ukushaqeka. Nokuncishiswa komsindo, ukumelana nowoyela, ukumelana ne-asidi ebuthakathaka, ukumelana ne-alkali kanye nokumelana ne-solvent jikelele, ukufakwa kahle kukagesi, ukuzicisha ngokwakho, okungeyona ubuthi, okunganuki, ukumelana nesimo sezulu esihle.
Okubi ukuthi ukumuncwa kwamanzi kukhulu, futhi impahla yokudaya impofu, okuthinta ukuzinza kwe-dimensional kanye nezakhiwo zikagesi.Ukuqinisa i-fiber kunganciphisa izinga lokumuncwa kwamanzi futhi kukwenze asebenze ngaphansi kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu kanye nomswakama ophezulu.Inayiloni inokuhlobana okuhle kakhulu ne-glass fiber (ingasetshenziswa isikhathi eside ku-100 ° C), ukumelana nokugqwala, isisindo esincane kanye nokubumba okulula.Ububi obukhulu be-PA yilezi: ukumunca amanzi kalula, izidingo zobuchwepheshe eziqinile zokubumba umjovo, kanye nokungaqini kahle kwe-dimensional.Ngenxa yokushisa kwawo okukhulu okuqondile, umkhiqizo uyashisa.
I-PA66 ingamandla amakhulu kakhulu emishini kanye nezinhlobonhlobo ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ochungechungeni lwe-PA.I-crystallinity yayo iphakeme, ngakho-ke ukuqina kwayo, ukuqina nokumelana nokushisa kuphezulu.I-PA1010 yaqala ukudalwa ezweni lami ngo-1958, inamandla adonsela phansi ashintshashintshayo, amancane athile, ukunwebeka okuphezulu nokuguquguquka, ukumuncwa kwamanzi okuphansi kune-PA66, nokuzinza okunokwethenjelwa kwe-dimensional.
Phakathi kwamanayiloni, inayiloni 66 inobulukhuni obuphezulu nokuqina, kodwa ukuqina okubi kakhulu.Amanayiloni ahlukahlukene ahlelwa ngokuqina: PA66＜PA66/6＜PA6＜PA610＜PA11＜PA12
Ukuvutha kwenayiloni kungu-ULS44-2, inkomba ye-oxygen ingu-24-28, izinga lokushisa lokubola linayiloni li> 299 ℃, futhi ukusha okuzenzakalelayo kuzokwenzeka ku-449~499 ℃.Inayiloni inokuncibilika okuhle kokuncibilika, ngakho ukushuba kodonga lomkhiqizo kungaba kuncane njengo-1mm.
2. Izici zenqubo ye-PA
2.1.I-PA kulula ukumunca umswakama, ngakho-ke kufanele yomiswe ngokugcwele ngaphambi kokucubungula, futhi okuqukethwe komswakama kufanele kulawulwe ngaphansi kuka-0.3%.Izinto ezisetshenziswayo zomile kahle futhi isicwebezelisi somkhiqizo siphezulu, ngaphandle kwalokho kuzoba nzima, futhi i-PA ngeke ithambile kancane kancane ngokunyuka kwezinga lokushisa lokushisa, kodwa izothambisa ebangeni lokushisa elincane eduze nendawo yokuncibilika.Ukugeleza kwenzeka (okuhlukile ku-PS, PE, PP, njll.).
I-viscosity ye-PA iphansi kakhulu kunamanye ama-thermoplastics, futhi izinga lokushisa elincibilikayo lincane (cishe 5 ℃ kuphela).I-PA ine-fluidity enhle, kulula ukuyigcwalisa nokwenza, futhi kulula ukuyisusa.I-nozzle ijwayele "i-salivation", futhi i-glue idinga ukuba ibe mkhulu.
I-PA inezinga eliphezulu lokuncibilika kanye nendawo yokuqandisa ephezulu.Izinto ezincibilikisiwe ekubunjweni zizoqina nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ngoba izinga lokushisa lehla ngaphansi kwendawo yokuncibilika, okuvimbela ukuqedwa kokugcwalisa ukubunjwa.Ngakho-ke, umjovo wesivinini esikhulu kufanele usetshenziswe (ikakhulukazi ezingxenyeni ezinodonga oluncane noma ezigeleza isikhathi eside).Isikhunta senayiloni kufanele sibe nezinyathelo ezanele zokuqeda amandla.
Esimeni esincibilikisiwe, i-PA ayinakho ukuzinza okushisayo futhi kulula ukuyehlisa.Ukushisa komgqomo akufanele kudlule i-300 ° C, futhi isikhathi sokushisa sezinto ezincibilikisiwe emgqonyeni akufanele sidlule imizuzu engu-30.I-PA inezidingo eziphakeme ekushiseni kwesikhunta, futhi i-crystallinity ingalawulwa ukushisa kwesikhunta ukuthola ukusebenza okudingekayo.
Izinga lokushisa lesikhunta sezinto ze-PA kungcono kakhulu ku-50-90 ° C, izinga lokushisa lokucubungula le-PA1010 lingcono kakhulu libe ngu-220-240 ° C, futhi izinga lokushisa lokucubungula le-PA66 lingu-270-290 ° C.Imikhiqizo ye-PA kwesinye isikhathi idinga "ukwelashwa kwe-annealing" noma "ukwelashwa kwesimo somswakama" ngokuya ngezidingo zekhwalithi.
2.2.PA12 Ngaphambi kokucubungula i-polyamide 12 noma inayiloni 12, umswakama kufanele ugcinwe ungaphansi kuka-0.1%.Uma izinto zigcinwa zivezwe emoyeni, kunconywa ukuthi zome emoyeni oshisayo ku-85C amahora angu-4 ~ 5.Uma impahla igcinwe esitsheni esingangeni moya, ingasetshenziswa ngokushesha ngemva kwamahora angu-3 wokulinganisa izinga lokushisa.Izinga lokushisa elincibilikayo lingu-240 ~ 300C;ngezinto ezijwayelekile, akufanele zidlule ku-310C, futhi ngezinto ezinezakhiwo ezivimbela ilangabi, akufanele zidlule ku-270C.
Izinga lokushisa lesikhunta: 30~40C ngezinto ezingaqinisiwe, 80~90C endaweni enezindonga ezincane noma ezinkulu, kanye no-90~100C ngezinto eziqinisiwe.Ukwandisa izinga lokushisa kuzokwandisa i-crystallinity yezinto.Ukulawulwa okunembile kwezinga lokushisa kwesikhunta kubalulekile ku-PA12.Ingcindezi yomjovo: kufika ku-1000bar (ingcindezi yokubamba ephansi kanye nezinga lokushisa elincibilikayo liyanconywa).Isivinini sokujova: isivinini esikhulu (singcono ezintweni ezinezithasiselo zengilazi).
Umgijimi nesango: Ngezinto ezibonakalayo ezingenazo izithasiselo, ububanzi bomgijimi kufanele bube ngu-30mm ngenxa ye-viscosity ephansi yezinto.Ukuze uthole izinto eziqinisiwe, ububanzi bomgijimi obukhulu obungu-5~8mm buyadingeka.Umumo womgijimi kufanele wonke ube yindilinga.Imbobo yomjovo kufanele ibe mfishane ngangokunokwenzeka.
Izinhlobo ezahlukene zamasango zingasetshenziswa.Ungasebenzisi amasango amancane ezingxenyeni ezinkulu zepulasitiki, lokhu ukugwema ukucindezela ngokweqile noma ukuncipha ngokweqile ezingxenyeni zepulasitiki.Ubukhulu besango kungcono bulingane nobukhulu bengxenye yepulasitiki.Uma usebenzisa isango elingaphansi kwamanzi, kunconywa ukuthi kube nobubanzi obuncane obungu-0.8mm.Isikhunta se-hot runner siyasebenza, kodwa sidinga ukulawulwa okunembayo kwezinga lokushisa ukuze kuvinjwe izinto ukuthi zingavuzi noma ziqine ku-nozzle.Uma kusetshenziswa umgijimi oshisayo, ubukhulu besango kufanele bube buncane kunomgijimi obandayo.
2.3.PA6 I-Polyamide 6 noma Inayiloni 6: Njengoba i-PA6 ikwazi ukumunca kalula umswakama, ukunakekelwa okukhethekile kufanele kukhokhwe ekomisweni ngaphambi kokucubungula.Uma impahla ihlinzekwa ngamaphakheji angangeni manzi, isiqukathi kufanele sigcinwe sivalwe ngokuqinile.Uma umswakama ungaphezu kuka-0.2%, kutuswa ukuba wome emoyeni oshisayo ngaphezu kuka-80C amahora angu-16.Uma okokusebenza kuvezwe emoyeni isikhathi esingaphezu kwamahora angu-8, kunconywa ukomiswa ngevacuum ku-105C amahora angaphezu kwayi-8.
Izinga lokushisa elincibilikayo: 230 ~ 280C, 250 ~ 280C ngezinhlobo eziqinisiwe.Izinga lokushisa lesikhunta: 80~90C.Ukushisa kwesikhunta kuthinta kakhulu i-crystallinity, ebuye ithinte izakhiwo zemishini yezingxenye zepulasitiki.I-Crystallinity ibaluleke kakhulu ezingxenyeni zesakhiwo, ngakho-ke izinga lokushisa elinconywayo lesikhunta ngu-80~90C.
Amazinga okushisa aphakeme esikhunta nawo ayanconywa ezingxenyeni zepulasitiki ezinezindonga ezincane, ezisebenza isikhathi eside.Ukwandisa izinga lokushisa kwesikhunta kungandisa amandla nokuqina kwengxenye yepulasitiki, kodwa kunciphisa ukuqina.Uma ubukhulu bodonga bukhulu kuno-3mm, kunconywa ukusebenzisa isikhunta esiphansi sokushisa esingu-20 ~ 40C.Ukuze kuqiniswe ingilazi, izinga lokushisa lesikhunta kufanele libe ngaphezu kwama-80C.Ingcindezi yomjovo: ngokuvamile iphakathi kuka-750~1250bar (kuye ngokuthi impahla kanye nomklamo womkhiqizo).
Isivinini sokujova: isivinini esikhulu (esiphansi kancane ezintweni eziqinisiwe).Abagijimi namasango: Ngenxa yesikhathi esifushane sokuqinisa i-PA6, indawo yesango ibaluleke kakhulu.Ububanzi besango akufanele bube ngaphansi kuka-0.5 * t (lapha t ukuqina kwengxenye yepulasitiki).Uma kusetshenziswa umgijimi oshisayo, usayizi wesango kufanele ube mncane kunabagijimi abavamile, njengoba umgijimi oshisayo angasiza ekuvimbeleni ukuqinisa ngaphambi kwesikhathi kwento.Uma kusetshenziswa isango elingaphansi kwamanzi, ububanzi obuncane besango kufanele bube ngu-0.75mm.
2.4.PA66 I-Polyamide 66 noma Inayiloni 66 Uma impahla ivaliwe ngaphambi kokucubungula, khona-ke ukomiswa akudingekile.Kodwa-ke, uma isitsha sokugcina sivuliwe, ukomisa emoyeni oshisayo ku-85C kuyanconywa.Uma umswakama ungaphezu kuka-0.2%, kudingeka ukomiswa kwevacuum ku-105C amahora angu-12.
Izinga lokushisa elincibilikayo: 260 ~ 290C.Umkhiqizo wezithako zengilazi ngu-275~280C.Izinga lokushisa elincibilikayo kufanele ligwenywe ngaphezu kuka-300C.Izinga lokushisa lesikhunta: 80C liyanconywa.Ukushisa kwesikhunta kuzothinta i-crystallinity, futhi i-crystallinity izothinta izakhiwo ezibonakalayo zomkhiqizo.
Ezingxenyeni zepulasitiki ezinodonga oluncane, uma kusetshenziswa izinga lokushisa lesikhunta elingaphansi kuka-40C, ubucwebe bezingxenye zepulasitiki buzoshintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.Ukuze kugcinwe ukuzinza kwejometri yezingxenye zepulasitiki, ukwelashwa kwe-anneal kuyadingeka.Ingcindezi yomjovo: imvamisa ingu-750~1250bar, kuye ngezinto ezibonakalayo nokwakheka komkhiqizo.Isivinini sokujova: isivinini esikhulu (esiphansi kancane ezintweni eziqinisiwe).
Abagijimi namasango: Njengoba isikhathi sokuqina se-PA66 sisifushane kakhulu, indawo yesango ibaluleke kakhulu.Ububanzi besango akufanele bube ngaphansi kuka-0.5 * t (lapha t ukuqina kwengxenye yepulasitiki).Uma kusetshenziswa umgijimi oshisayo, usayizi wesango kufanele ube mncane kunabagijimi abavamile, njengoba umgijimi oshisayo angasiza ekuvimbeleni ukuqinisa ngaphambi kwesikhathi kwento.Uma kusetshenziswa isango elingaphansi kwamanzi, ububanzi obuncane besango kufanele bube ngu-0.75mm.
3. Ibanga lohlelo lokusebenza elijwayelekile:
3.1.Izicelo ze-PA12 Polyamide 12 noma Inayiloni 12: Amamitha amanzi nezinye izinto ezisetshenziswayo zokuthengisa, imikhono yekhebula, amakhamera emishini, izinto zokuslayida namabheringi, njll.
3.2.I-PA6 Polyamide 6 noma Inayiloni 6 Isicelo: Isetshenziswa kakhulu ezingxenyeni zesakhiwo ngenxa yamandla ayo okusebenza kahle kanye nokuqina kwayo.Ngenxa yokumelana kwayo kahle nokugqokwa, ibuye isetshenziselwe ukwenza ama-bearings.
3.3.I-PA66 Polyamide 66 noma iNylon 66 Isicelo: Uma iqhathaniswa ne-PA6, i-PA66 isetshenziswa kabanzi embonini yezimoto, izindlu zamathuluzi neminye imikhiqizo edinga ukumelana nomthelela kanye nezidingo zamandla aphezulu.
Ukuze uqhubeke, uma ufuna ukwazi okwengeziwe, sicela ukhululeke ukuxhumana nathi.I-Baiyear iyifekthri enkulu ehlanganisa ukukhiqiza isikhunta sepulasitiki, ukubumba umjovo kanye nokucubungula insimbi yeshidi.Noma ungaqhubeka nokunaka isikhungo sezindaba sewebhusayithi yethu esemthethweni: www.baidasy.com, sizoqhubeka nokubuyekeza izindaba zolwazi ezihlobene nomkhakha wokucubungula umjovo wokubumba.
Oxhumana naye: Andy Yang
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Email: Andy@baidasy.com
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-29-2022
