Abstract:
Lokhu kuhlolwa kuhlose ukuhlola ukugeleza kwezinto zokusetshenziswa zepulasitiki ezihlukene ukusiza izitshalo zokucubungula izingxenye zepulasitiki ekukhetheni izinto ezifanele.Ngokwenza izivivinyo ezijwayelekile elabhorethri, siqhathanise izinto ezingasetshenzisiwe zepulasitiki ezimbalwa ezijwayelekile futhi sahlaziya umehluko wazo wokugeleza.Imiphumela yokuhlola ibonisa ukuhlobana okubalulekile phakathi kokugeleza kwezinto zokusetshenziswa zepulasitiki kanye nokugeleza phakathi nokucubungula, okunomthelela obalulekile ekwenziweni kwezingxenye zepulasitiki ezinomumo nosayizi abahlukahlukene.Lesi sihloko sinikeza i-akhawunti enemininingwane yedizayini yokuhlola, izinto zokwakha nezindlela, imiphumela yokuhlolwa, nokuhlaziya, enikeza izinkomba ezibalulekile zokukhethwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo kanye nokwenza kahle kwenqubo ezimbonini zokucubungula izingxenye zepulasitiki.
1. Isingeniso
Izitshalo zokucubungula izingxenye zepulasitiki zivame ukusebenzisa izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezinto zokusetshenziswa zepulasitiki ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza, futhi ukugeleza kwalezi zinto kuthinta ngqo ikhwalithi yezingxenye zepulasitiki ezakhiwe.Ngakho-ke, ukuhlola ukugeleza kwezinto zokusetshenziswa zepulasitiki kubalulekile ekuthuthukiseni amasu okucubungula, ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza, nokunciphisa izindleko.Lokhu kuhlolwa kuhlose ukusebenzisa izindlela zokuhlola ezijwayelekile ukuqhathanisa izici zokugeleza zezinto ezingavuthiwe zepulasitiki ezihlukene futhi kunikeze isiqondiso sokukhetha izinto ezifanele ekucutshungulweni kwengxenye yepulasitiki.
2. Idizayini Yokuhlola
2.1 Ukulungiselela Impahla
Izinto ezintathu ezijwayelekile zokusetshenziswa kwepulasitiki zakhethwa njengezifundo zokuhlolwa: i-polyethylene (PE), i-polypropylene (PP), ne-polystyrene (PS).Qinisekisa ukuthi isampula lempahla ngayinye liphuma emthonjeni ofanayo futhi ligcina ikhwalithi engaguquki ukuze kuqedwe ukuchema okungaba khona ngenxa yokuhlukahluka kwezinto ezibonakalayo.
2.2 Izisetshenziswa Zokuhlola
- I-Melt Flow Index Tester: Isetshenziselwa ukukala i-Melt Flow Index (MFI) yezinto zokusetshenziswa zepulasitiki, ipharamitha ebalulekile yokuhlola ukugeleza kwepulasitiki encibilikisiwe.
- Isikali Sokukala: Sisetshenziselwa ukukala ngokunembile isisindo samasampula ezinto ezingavuthiwe zepulasitiki.
- I-Melt Flow Index Testing Barrel: Isetshenziselwa ukulayisha amasampula ngokuya ngezidingo ezijwayelekile.
- I-Heater: Isetshenziselwa ukushisisa nokugcina i-Melt Flow Index Tester ezingeni lokushisa olifunayo.
- Isikhathi: Isetshenziselwa ukubala isikhathi sokugeleza kwepulasitiki encibilikisiwe.
2.3 Inqubo Yokuhlola
1. Sika isampula ngayinye yempahla eluhlaza yepulasitiki ube yizinhlayiya zokuhlola ezijwayelekile bese uyomisa amahora angu-24 ekamelweni lokushisa ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi izindawo zesampula azinawo umswakama.
2. Setha izinga lokushisa elifanele lokuhlola bese ulayisha ku-Melt Flow Index Tester futhi wenze amasethi amathathu okuhlola kunto ngayinye ngokwezindlela ezijwayelekile.
3. Faka isampula ngayinye yezinto ezingavuthiwe kuMgqomo Wokuhlola Inkomba ye-Melt Flow bese ufaka ku-heater eshisiwe kuze kube yilapho isampula selincibilike ngokugcwele.
4. Khipha okuqukethwe emgqonyeni, uvumele ipulasitiki encibilikisiwe ukuthi idlule ngokukhululekile esikhunjeni se-orifice esicacisiwe, futhi ulinganise ivolumu edlula isikhunta phakathi nesikhathi esinqunyiwe.
5. Phinda isilingo izikhathi ezintathu futhi ubale inkomba ye-Melt Flow eyisilinganiso kusethi ngayinye yamasampuli.
3. Imiphumela Yokuhlola Nokuhlaziya
Ngemuva kokwenza amasethi amathathu okuhlola, isilinganiso se-Melt Flow Index sento ngayinye eluhlaza yepulasitiki yanqunywa, futhi imiphumela imi kanje:
- I-PE: I-Average Melt Flow Index engu-X g/10min
- PP: I-Average Melt Flow Inkomba ye-Y g/10min
- PS: I-Average Melt Flow Inkomba engu-Z g/10min
Ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yokuhlola, kuyabonakala ukuthi izinto zokusetshenziswa zepulasitiki ezihlukene zibonisa ukuhluka okuphawulekayo kokugeleza.I-PE ikhombisa ukugeleza okuhle, ene-Melt Flow Index ephakeme kakhulu, iyenza ifanele ukubumba izingxenye zepulasitiki ezimise okuyinkimbinkimbi.I-PP inokugeleza okusesilinganisweni, okuyenza ifanelekele imisebenzi eminingi yokucubungula izingxenye zepulasitiki.Ngokuphambene, i-PS ikhombisa ukugeleza okungalungile futhi ifaneleka kangcono ekwenzeni izingxenye zepulasitiki ezinosayizi omncane nezinezindonga ezincane.
4. Isiphetho
Ukuhlolwa kwaselabhorethri kokugeleza kwezinto ezingavuthiwe zepulasitiki kunikeze idatha ye-Melt Flow Index yezinto ezahlukahlukene, kanye nokuhlaziywa kwezimpawu zokugeleza kwazo.Ezimbonini zokucubungula izingxenye zepulasitiki, ukukhetha izinto zokusetshenziswa ezifanele kubaluleke kakhulu, njengoba umehluko wokugeleza uthinta ngqo ikhwalithi yokwakheka kwezingxenye zepulasitiki nokusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza.Ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yokuhlola, sincoma ukubeka kuqala impahla eluhlaza ye-PE ukuze kukhiqizwe izingxenye zepulasitiki ezinomumo oyinkimbinkimbi, kusetshenziswa impahla eluhlaza ye-PP yezidingo ezijwayelekile zokucubungula, futhi kucatshangelwe izinto ezisetshenziswayo ze-PS zokukhiqiza izingxenye zepulasitiki ezinosayizi omncane nezinezindonga ezincane.Ngokukhetha izinto ezihlakaniphile, izimboni zokucubungula zingathuthukisa izindlela zokukhiqiza, zithuthukise ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo, zehlise izindleko zokukhiqiza, futhi zithuthukise ukuncintisana kwemakethe.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-25-2023
